Техническая литература - скачать книги или читать онлайн. Страница 95

Настоящая работа посвящена исследованиям по мультиархитектурным вычислительным суперсистемам, анализу и перспективам их развития. Исследования, начатые в начале 90-х годов, явились продолжением работ по системе «Электроника СС БИС». На каждом этапе ставилась задача разработки оптимальной архитектуры вычислительной суперсистемы для текущего состояния технологической базы. Однако фундаментальные принципы построения системы актуальны и в настоящее время. В основе проекта лежат концепции мультиархитектуры, взаимной адаптации архитектуры и программ, проблемной ориентации основных вычислительных средств, функциональной специализации вспомогательных вычислительных средств, специализации внутрисистемных сетей и иерархического построения системы. Описана архитектура и система команд масштабируемой основной машины, архитектура и система команд функционально-специализированных машин, предназначенных для обеспечения функционирования мониторно-моделирующей подсистемы, сети памяти, сети управления, межузловой сети и периферийной подсистемы. Проведено сравнение проекта с зарубежными разработками. Показано, что на всех этапах проведения исследований имел место концептуальный приоритет, достигавший в ряде случаев 10 лет. Проанализировано современное состояние и планы по развитию вычислительных суперсистем. Рассмотрены перспективы развития и предложены этапы для реализации проекта.

В издании последовательно рассмотрены основные проблемы комплексного подхода к созданию национального мультимодального транспортного коридора, ориентированного на круглогодичное функционирование, включающего Северный морской путь, и тяготеющие к нему широтные и меридиональные речные, автомобильные и железнодорожные коммуникации, а также аэропортовую сеть.

Монография посвящена разработанному в ФГБУ «ФНЦ трансплантологии и искусственных органов им. ак. В. И. Шумакова» Минздрава России современному методу исследования трехмерных микронаноструктур – сканирующей зондовой нанотомографии (СЗНТ), основанной на комбинации сканирующей зондовой микроскопии и ультрамикротомии. В книге проанализированы преимущества и недостатки СЗНТ в сравнении с другими методами анализа ультраструктуры, представлены результаты исследований трехмерной структуры различных биоматериалов и биологических объектов. Рассмотрены ключевые технические решения разработанных аппаратных комплексов для СЗНТ и криоСЗНТ и особенности их патентования. Книга предназначена для специалистов в области нанотехнологий, микроскопии высокого разрешения, структурной биологии, химии полимеров, науки о материалах и других специальностей.

Эта книга представляет собой впервые созданный учебник по вепольному анализу.Материал легко и быстро усваивается.В книге приводится около 250 примеров и более 60 задач (из них 102 примера и 42 задачи для самостоятельного разбора), более 100 иллюстраций, более 100 физических эффектов.Книга рассчитана на широкий круг читателей и будет особенно полезна тем, кто хочет быстро получать новые идеи.

Это книга представляет собой впервые созданный учебник по стандартам на решение изобретательских задач, разработанных Г. С. Альтшуллером. Книга предназначена для отработки навыков в использовании системы стандартов.В книге приводится около 250 примеров и более 60 задач (из них 102 примера и 42 задачи для самостоятельного разбора), более 100 иллюстраций, более 100 физических эффектов.Книга рассчитана на широкий круг читателей и будет особенно полезна тем, кто хочет быстро получать новые идеи.

«АвтоМир» – единственный в России еженедельный автомобильный журнал. Самые свежие новости из мира автомобилей. Сравнительные тест-драйвы автомобилей-одноклассников. В каждом номере представляем: автомобиль недели – лидер российских продаж. Концепт-кары – авто будущего. Российские и международные автомобильные выставки и автогонки. Рекомендации по выбору подержанных иномарок. Технические характеристики и актуальные цены в автосалонах Москвы.

From one of the most important economic thinkers of our time, a brilliant and far-seeing analysis of the current populist backlash against globalization and how revitalising community can save liberal market democracy. Raghuram Rajan, author of the 2010 FT & Goldman-Sachs Book of the Year Fault Lines, has an unparalleled vantage point onto the social and economic consequences of globalization and their ultimate effect on politics and society. In The Third Pillar he offers up a magnificent big-picture framework for understanding how three key forces – the economy, society, and the state – interact, why things begin to break down, and how we can find our way back to a more secure and stable plane.The ‘third pillar’ of the title is society. Economists all too often understand their field as the relationship between the market and government, and leave social issues for other people. That's not just myopic, Rajan argues; it's dangerous. All economics is actually socioeconomics – all markets are embedded in a web of human relations, values and norms. As he shows, throughout history, technological innovations have ripped the market out of old webs and led to violent backlashes, and to what we now call populism. Eventually, a new equilibrium is reached, but it can be ugly and messy, especially if done wrong. Right now, we're doing it wrong. As markets scale up, government scales up with it, concentrating economic and political power in flourishing central hubs and leaving the periphery to decompose, figuratively and even literally. Instead, Rajan offers a way to rethink the relationship between the market and civil society and argues for a return to strengthening and empowering local communities as an antidote to growing despair and unrest. The Third Pillar is a masterpiece of explication, a book that will be a classic of its kind for its offering of a wise, authoritative and humane explanation of the forces that have wrought such a sea change in our lives. His ultimate argument that decision-making has to be watered at the grass roots or our democracy will continue to wither is sure to be both provocative and agenda-setting across the world.

‘The best fictional treatment of the possibilities and horrors of artificial intelligence that I’ve read’ GuardianIn 1997 Laura Bow invented Organon, a rudimentary artificial intelligence.Now she and her creation are at the forefront of the new wave of technology, and Laura must decide whether or not to reveal Organon’s full potential to the world. If it falls into the wrong hands, its power could be abused. Will Organon save humanity, or lead it to extinction?I Still Dream is a powerful tale of love, loss and hope; a frightening, heartbreakingly human look at who we are now – and who we can be, if we only allow ourselves.

Fully updated essential guide to exploring Britain by train, Railway Day Trips is ideal for anyone planning or looking for inspiration for a rail journey. From bestselling railway author Julian Holland.This pocket companion is perfect for both casual and seasoned rail travellers. Plan adventures, follow the changing landscape through the train window and discover fascinating destinations.Each journey incorporates a location map and descriptive text on its history and geography, plus some of the highlights awaiting you at each destination. High-quality photographs illustrate every route throughout the book.Based on his extensive knowledge of British rail travel, the author reveals appealing quirks of the various routes and provides practical tips on how to make the most of your journey.160 day trips from all over the country are featured, departing from major towns and cities and culminating at a variety of interesting destinations.This 2nd edition includes 10 new routes:• Cambridge to Ipswich• Hereford to Newport• Cardiff to Ebbw Vale• Carmarthen to Fishguard• Manchester to Southport• Sheffield to Lincoln• Middlesbrough to Newcastle• Glasgow to Perth• Edinburgh to Tweedbank• Inverness to Wick

The Age of Railways was an era of extraordinary change which utterly transformed every aspect of British life – from trade and transportation to health and recreation.Full Steam Ahead reveals how the world we live in today is entirely shaped by the rail network, charting the glorious evolution of rail transportation and how it left its mark on every aspect of life, landscape and culture. Peter Ginn and Ruth Goodman brilliantly bring this revolution to life in their trademark style which engages and captivates. They explore the everyday lives and the intangible ephemeral history that make up the stories of the people who built, worked and were affected by the railways. From the very first steam train to the infrastructure that is still used in part today, they look at the men, women and children who lived and sometimes died constructing Britain's railway heritage.As they trace the emergence of the Industrial Revolution across the country, the authors discover a hidden layer of social history, using rail transportation as a backdrop to reveal Britain’s radical change in social attitudes and culture across the 19th and early 20th centuries, including the rise of the working class, women’s rights, industrial growth, economic decline, warfare and the birth of the great British holiday. They tell the stories of the historic characters whose lives were changed by this radical mode of transport.Beautifully illustrated with photographs and artwork throughout, Full Steam Ahead is a passionate, charming and insightful look at Britain through the lens of one of its most momentous eras.

overconsumption / population growth / dwindling resources / climate change / disease / contamination / storms / thirst / war … will the struggle to simply stay alive become humanity’s future rather than its past?What happens when vast population growth endangers the world’s food supplies? Or our water? Our energy needs, climate, or environment? Or the planet’s biodiversity? What happens if these all become critical at once? Just what is our future?In ‘End Game’, world-renowned scientists Anthony Barnosky and Elizabeth Hadly draw on their work to explain the growing threats to humanity as the planet edges towards a resource war for remaining space, food, oil and water. And as they show, these wars are not the nightmares of a dystopian future but are already happening today. They explore the origins of Ebola in densely populated areas of south-eastern Guinea, witness raging fires in Yellowstone and Colorado and explain how drought-induced food shortages are already causing problems in the Sudan, Gaza Strip and Iraq. Finally, they ask: at what point will inaction become the break-up of the intricate workings of the global society?The planet is in danger now, but the solutions, as Barnosky and Hadly show, are still available. We still have the chance to avoid the tipping point and to make the future better. But this window of opportunity is closing fast and will shut within ten-to-twenty years. ‘End Game’ is the call we need.

How to Draw a Map is a fascinating meditation on the centuries-old art of map-making, from the first astronomical maps to the sophisticated GPS guides of today.Maps have influenced humanity in many unexpected ways: life, death, sexual reproduction, espionage, war and peace. How to Draw a Map traces the story of mapmaking – cartography – from the first scratchings on the cave wall to the detailed high-tech ‘navigator’. This is the story of human conceptions, often misconceptions, of our world. It is also a very personal story about a mapmaker’s journey through life – the exciting new perspectives and the occasional misadventures.Over the last 5,000 years societies and empires have risen and fallen; most, if not all, attempt to record their own visions of our world. In the 15th century, Europeans developed a global reach with their oceanic ships, exploring outward into the world, revealing new possibilities, peoples and opportunities. Mapmakers recorded this journey, revealing to us a window into past triumphs and disasters. The story continues into our own day when diplomats carve up our globe, presenting what we now see as the ‘modern’ world.In How to Draw a Map, father and son cartographers Alexander and Malcolm Swanston demonstrate the skill, creativity and care involved in the timeless art of creating maps – and what these artefacts reveal about the legion of mapmakers who went before us.